Each panel carries the current signal, the statistic behind it with its source and date, and the ACY reading of the opportunity and the risk. Where the evidence shows productivity change rather than decline, the panel says so. No panel claims an overall industry decline the evidence does not establish. Two cautions run through this section, both from the researchers themselves: the measured pressure concentrates on early career workers in AI exposed occupations, and not all observed change is attributable to AI. Disruption here means measured pressure, never assumed collapse.
Software Development
The measurable pressure sits in entry level hiring, not experienced employment: young workers in the most AI exposed occupations have fallen behind their less exposed peers.
The evidence
Employment among workers ages 22 to 25 in highly AI exposed occupations stands about 19% below where it would be had it kept pace with less exposed occupations (June 2026). The authors state they do not see widespread, economy wide job displacement, and that adjustment runs mainly through reduced hiring of young workers.
ACY angle. Opportunity: firms still need software built and maintained; the work shifts toward redesigning junior roles and supervising AI output. Risk: a thinner junior pipeline today becomes a shortage of experienced developers later. The evidence does not establish an overall decline in software employment.
Workforce redesign sits inside Business Operations and AI & Automation engagements.
Stanford Digital Economy Lab, Canaries in the Coal Mine (Brynjolfsson, Chandar, Chen), revised August 12, 2026 · Revised August 12, 2026 · Verified November 3, 2026
Customer Support
In the best known field study, a generative AI assistant raised support agent throughput, with the gains concentrated among the least experienced agents.
The evidence
Access to the tool increased issues resolved per hour by 14% on average, including a 34% improvement for novice and low skilled workers, with minimal impact on experienced workers. One Fortune 500 firm, 5,179 agents; the study measures productivity, not headcount.
ACY angle. Opportunity: augmentation economics are real; the tool spread the practices of stronger agents to newer ones. Risk: employers may reprice or resize first tier support teams. The study does not establish a support employment decline.
Service workflow design sits inside Business Operations.
Brynjolfsson, Li, and Raymond, Generative AI at Work, NBER Working Paper 31161 (Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2025) · April 2023, revised November 2023 · Verified November 3, 2026
Content and Routine Research
Controlled evidence shows professional writing completed substantially faster with AI assistance, and platform data shows routine research tasks growing fast inside AI tools.
The evidence
In a preregistered experiment with 453 college educated professionals, average time on professional writing tasks fell 40% and output quality rose 18% with ChatGPT access. Separately, Anthropic's own platform data shows research task shares on Claude.ai growing sharply between its late 2024 and August 2025 samples.
ACY angle. Opportunity: drafting and first pass research compress, so value moves to verification, judgment, and original sourcing. Risk: the experiment measured short tasks and did not fact check output; treating speed as quality is the documented failure mode.
Verification and Due Diligence exists for exactly this shift.
Noy and Zhang, Science 381 (2023); Anthropic Economic Index, September 2025 · July 2023; September 2025 · Verified November 3, 2026
Professional Services
A field experiment inside a global consulting firm found large gains on tasks inside AI's capability frontier, and worse performance on a task placed outside it.
The evidence
Consultants using AI completed 12.2% more tasks, 25.1% more quickly, at higher quality across 18 tasks within the frontier; on a task outside the frontier, AI users were 19% less likely to produce correct solutions. 758 consultants, randomly assigned.
ACY angle. Opportunity: leverage on research synthesis, drafting, and analysis. Risk: the same experiment is the strongest caution in this section; on the wrong side of the frontier, AI use reduced correctness. Knowing which side a task sits on is the sellable judgment.
This is the core of AI & Automation scoping at ACY.
Dell'Acqua et al., Navigating the Jagged Technological Frontier, Harvard Business School Working Paper 24-013 (Organization Science, 2026) · September 2023 · Verified November 3, 2026
Education and Training
Education is one of the fastest growing uses of a major AI platform, pressuring training providers to redesign around explanation, practice, and assessment.
The evidence
Anthropic reports educational tasks grew from 9.3% to 12.4% of Claude.ai usage between its late 2024 and August 2025 samples, while coding held 36%. This is one platform's usage mix, not enrollment or employment in education.
ACY angle. Opportunity: demand is moving toward AI assisted learning; providers who add verification, coaching, and credential value can grow. Risk: commodity content delivery is precisely the use case growing inside low cost AI tools.
Ana teaches AI and business operations directly; see Work With Me.
Anthropic Economic Index Report, September 2025 (Anthropic's own platform data) · September 2025 · Verified November 3, 2026
Energy and Utilities
AI is simultaneously a new source of electricity demand and a tool the energy sector uses to cut outage time and unlock grid capacity. The same agency documents both effects.
The evidence
The IEA projects global data centre electricity demand to more than double by 2030, to around 950 TWh (the report prints the Base Case figure as 945 TWh), slightly more than Japan's entire consumption today, with AI the most significant driver. The same report states AI based fault detection can reduce outage durations by 30 to 50%, and that up to 175 GW of transmission capacity could be unlocked without new lines.
ACY angle. Opportunity: grid, generation, and efficiency work expands, and utilities need governance for AI in operations. Risk: the demand figure is a projection the IEA itself surrounds with significant uncertainty. The pressure here is capacity and delivery speed, not decline.
Infrastructure awareness informs Research & Strategy work.
International Energy Agency, Energy and AI, April 2025 (Base Case projection) · April 10, 2025 · Verified November 3, 2026
Construction
Construction leaders report moving from hype to proof: trust in AI softened even as practical use spread, and only a minority say they are near their AI goals.
The evidence
Autodesk's own survey of over 3,500 industry leaders in 28 countries reports trust in AI softening from 80% to 68%, with 32% of construction leaders approaching or having achieved their AI goals. These are Autodesk's survey figures, not government statistics.
ACY angle. Opportunity: scheduling, estimating, billing, and documentation are named practical applications. Risk: falling trust signals implementation disappointment; outcomes with proof, not AI branding, are the defensible position. No construction employment decline is established by this source.
ACY's procurement readiness work serves construction firms directly.
Autodesk, State of Design & Make, Construction Spotlight Report, 2025 (Autodesk's own survey) · 2025 · Verified November 3, 2026
Government Procurement
The U.S. federal buyer has shifted AI purchasing to government wide, consumption based discount agreements, changing what prices agencies expect and how vendors sell.
The evidence
GSA's OneGov agreements provide a 40% discount on token based Claude usage and a 50% discount on ChatGPT usage, with no minimum orders. GSA states OneGov has generated more than $1.8 billion in savings since its inception; that total is GSA's own figure.
ACY angle. Opportunity: no minimums lower the entry barrier for smaller suppliers and pilot agencies, making registrations, compliance, and pricing structure more valuable. Risk: headline discounts reset what buyers consider a fair price for undifferentiated AI access.
This is ACY's Government and Public Sector capability in action.
U.S. General Services Administration news releases, September 10 and October 27, 2026 · 2026 · Verified November 3, 2026
Logistics
Supply chain and service operations functions are among those most often reporting AI cost savings and revenue gains, and the honest gains are modest.
The evidence
Stanford's AI Index 2025 reports 43% of respondents using AI in supply chain management saw cost savings, most of them under 10%, and 63% reported revenue gains, most commonly under 5%. Survey self reports, as compiled by Stanford HAI from McKinsey survey data.
ACY angle. Opportunity: forecasting, routing, and maintenance are proven use cases a consultant can implement and measure. Risk: overselling logistics AI is contradicted by the primary source itself; most reporters gain less than 10%.
Measured implementation sits inside Business Operations.
Stanford HAI, AI Index Report 2025, Economy chapter · April 7, 2025 · Verified November 3, 2026